There's a big difference between "
Transit" and "
Airport Transit". You can read it
here.
Like you highlighted, that German website mentions
transit and/or short-term stay. Of course, Canadian RTDs do not need a visa for
transit in Germany, with or without PR.
Transit in this case means international-to-domestic transits. For example, Toronto > Frankfurt > Berlin or Toronto > Munich > Nuremberg. In these cases, you are already passing through immigration to connect to the next flight. So you don't need a visa, and it's considered an entry.
However, for
Airport Transit - that's International to International. OP is travelling from Toronto > Munich (Germany) > Budapest (Hungary). It clearly mentions
Airport Transit Visa is not required if you have a Canadian PR card. And again just below that, it mentions that if you do not have a valid Canadian PR card, then this list of nationalities requires a visa.
Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cuba, Eritrea, Ethopia, Ghana, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Mali, Nigeria, Pakistan, Somalia, Sri Lanka, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Turkey.