There is no fast option for getting you to Canada.
There is zero chance a work permit or visitor visa will be approved since you are out of status in the US. These are not realistic options for you given your overstay.
If you want to get married - you'll need to do this either in the US or in your home country. Once your partners sponsors you for PR, it will take around a year for the application to be processed and you won't be able to enter Canada during this time. So best case scenario, you're looking at around a year before you will be able to come to Canada.
If you have been out of status in the US for less than six months, you should leave now and return to your home country. Then you will not have a 3 year ban from the US. If you are out of status in the US for more than six months, you will have a 3 year ban. If you are out of status for more than a year, you will have a 10 year ban. If you end up with a ban, this may make it more difficult for you to be approved for PR to Canada through spousal sponsorship. So your best option is to leave the US as soon as you can and return home.