If your employer wants to keep you on as a Temporary Foreign Worker, they will have to apply for an LMO. If they receive a positive LMO, you can then apply for a work permit.
http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/work/employers/lmo-basics.asp
Note that, to get an LMO, the position has to be "skilled," that is NOC level O, A, or B.
http://www5.hrsdc.gc.ca/noc/english/noc/2006/html/Matrix.html