Sorry to hear that issue, that is a different situation than I had in mind. Only you and he can judge the relative risks and benefits, then. Your case would indeed be out of the scope of comments I made.
Now, Canada does not as a matter of course share eg info about marriage (no stamps in passports or anything like that), but it can't necessarily stop info from getting out - so still has to be your choice. I'd note though that aspects of being able to infer a person is in a common law relationship / by which sponsored may be equally 'visible' or possible to be inferred, so that doesn't guarantee safety.
Obvious other potential approach is to not travel to a country that would punish, imprison or kill you for your sexual preferences, or only as little as possible. But that may not be possible or realistic in all circumstances and I'm certainly not going to tell you what to do.
I would flag though: being married would at least provide more certainty of ability of your spouse to remain in Canada and get status more quickly. You'll have to balance the risks.