Hello,
Yes, it's possible but like anything immigration-related, it depends.
Please don't simply ask, "depends on what" because it's the issuing office that will decide upon a review of your specific circumstances. If you are a "refugee" under the Convention then ask the folks who decided that you were a Convention refugee if they can assist you.
If you're seeking asylum in another country without having been deemed to be a Convention refugee then you may have to look to your country of citizenship and establish that they won't or can't issue you a travel document before Canada will assist you.
It depends, it depends, it depends but here's reference to the document type:
https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/corporate/publications-manuals/operational-bulletins-manuals/refugee-protection/resettlement/depart-abroad/visa.html
Good luck
It details some very specific circumstances where it's used.