Unfortunately there is not much you can do to bring him to Canada permanently except sponsoring him for PR which you can't do unless you get married or live together as common law partners for at least a year.
He can come and visit you for up to 6 months at a time but he can't work. He could apply to extend his visitor status if he wants to stay longer than 6 months. However, if he wants to work, he needs a work permit and in order to get that, he would need to find an employer who is willing to apply for an LMO/LMIA for him and in order to get that, they would have to advertise the job for x weeks in order to prove that no PR or Canadian could be found who wanted and was qualified for the job. Finding an employer who will apply for that may not be easy because 1) they wont get it unless they can prove that they really can't find a Canadian and 2) because the employer has to do a lot of paperwork for it and 3) because the employer has to pay for it.
If you are short of money, him coming over on a study permit is not an option because in order to get that, he would have to show that he can pay at least his first years tuition which is international student tuition, about 3 times what you would have to pay for the same course as well as he needs to show that he has funds to support himself too.
You could start by having him visit you and see how it goes. If you find that you want him to stay, you could get married and sponsor him. Another option would be that you could go and stay with him in the US. As long as you end up with at least 12 months of living together that you can prove, it doesn't matter in which country that was.
However, you should also be aware that sponsoring someone is a commitment not to be taken lightly. You would be responsible for him for 3 years after he gets his PR so if he were to break up with you but stay in Canada and take welfare or go on disability, the government would come to you to pay it back.