If your medicals are expired, you need to retake them, you have no choice.
Your language test results won't expire while your application being processed.
If IRCC asked about the government job details, they you are most likely going through a comprehensive background/security check which might take years, unfortunately.
You get assessed against many factors, one of them is a travel history. If you don't have one, you need to have stronger points for other factors to compensate lacking travel history.