10.4 HIV testing is required for applicants 15 years of age and older, children who have received blood or blood products, or have a known HIV-positive mother, or where a risk factor is identified. This should be noted in IMM 5419, Section C, Summary/Prognosis.
It is considered the standard of medical practice and an obligation that a DMP counsel individuals having an HIV test both before and after the results are available. More information is available in Appendix III, including a section on HIV serology interpretation. See also Appendix IV – HIV Pre-Test Counselling, and Appendix V – HIV Post-Test Counselling, which provide an overview of issues and actions to be considered.
An ELISA test for HIV 1 and HIV 2 should be done initially. If positive, another ELISA test on the same blood sample should be performed. If the two ELISA tests are positive, these results must be confirmed with a test like the Western Blot. If the Western Blot is not available, confirmation is done with a third ELISA test by a different manufacturer.
HIV-positive applicants should have a chest x-ray done whatever their age.
Concern regarding risks to public health or safety will continue to be most important in assessing a migrant’s admissibility to Canada. HIV is not readily transmitted and is usually not considered a significant public health risk to the general public in Canada. However, those individuals with HIV who would refuse to practice safe sex, actively conceal from their partners that they are infected, and purposely seek to infect others may be considered a risk to public health and public safety. In reporting the results of HIV-positive individuals, it is very important that you provide your opinion regarding the applicant’s understanding of risk-reduction strategies and to report (Section C, Summary/Prognosis) those applicants whose behaviour may present a danger to others.
For applicants who are HIV-positive and either a spouse, a common-law partner or a conjugal partner of a Canadian sponsor, post-test counselling must include a recommendation that the applicants inform their partner of their HIV status.
After completing post-test counselling, the DMP will then ask the applicant to sign the CIC form Acknowledgement of HIV Post-Test Counselling (see Appendix VI) and include this form with the Medical Report forms sent to the regional medical office.