You have to add a few more steps in the middle. You can use a working holiday to get your foot in the door. If you qualify to apply for skilled worker, you can do that with a job offer or after a year in Canada. If you don't qualify, you can get your employer to sponsor you under the provincial nominee program, would be better to change your working holiday to a regular work permit first which is extendable in case your processing is not done by the time your working holiday expires. You can also apply under experience class if you manage to work a full time skilled job in Canada for 2 years (since the Australian working holiday is 2 years, it's doubtful that you make that since you will likely spend some time finding a job at the start but you can do it if you manage to change to a regular work permit).
Go to http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/immigrate/index.asp to read up on different immigration classes.
