If an applicant is less than 17 years of age at the time of application, a custodian in Canada will continue to be required. The applicant must submit a notarized declaration signed by the parent(s) or legal guardian(s) in the country of origin, as well as one signed by the custodian in Canada, stating that arrangements have been made for the custodian to act in place of a parent. Officers must be satisfied that adequate arrangements are in place for the care and support of the minor student. The parent(s) or legal guardian(s), and the appointed custodian must acknowledge that the custodian will reside within a reasonable distance to the minor applicant’s intended residence and school. The custodianship declaration should include the information and signature of both parents, where applicable.
Applications from minors between 17 years of age and the applicable provincial or territorial age of majority at the time of application should be assessed on a case-by-case basis. In assessing whether the custodianship requirement should be applied, officers may exercise discretion in requesting additional documentation or an interview. An officer should be satisfied with respect to whether an applicant can provide care and support to oneself while in Canada.
Officers should consider factors such as:
Level of studies – applicant’s intended level of academic studies. Those attending secondary school should normally require a custodian.
Level of independence – applicant’s current or past living arrangements and whether previous studies were completed away from their principal residence.
Financial capacity – applicant’s financial self-sufficiency outside of parent(s) or guardian(s) (i.e., scholarship, government sponsorship, etc.).
Travel experience – applicant’s previous travel history, participation in international exchange programs, etc.
Accessibility of parent(s) or guardian(s) – location of applicant’s parent(s) or guardian(s) and their accessibility for institutions and/or medical centres to contact them in case of emergency situations.
Informal arrangements – whether arrangements (less formal than custodianship) have been made to provide support and care for the minor student.
Risk environment – applicant’s safety and well-being in relation to risk indicators for irregular child migration, and potential for exploitation and/or trafficking.